Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are common in the population worldwide. Periodontal
diseases affect approximately 50% of adults, while mucositis affects 80% of patients with implants,
turning into peri-implantitis at a rate varying from 28 to 58%. If standardized treatments for all
degrees and variety of periodontal diseases are known and codified, a consensus on the treatment
of peri-implantitis still has to be found. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used successfully
in the medical field and was recently introduced as supportive therapy in dentistry. This paper
reviews the results on 20 patients, 10 affected by periodontal disease (grades II to III) and 10 by periimplantitis.
Application of 5% 5-aminolevulinic acid gel (ALAD), as a support of causal therapy, in
periodontal pockets and areas of peri-implantitis favored the maintenance of severely compromised
teeth and significantly improved compromised implant conditions. Between baseline and 6 months,
all teeth and implants remained functional. All patients confirmed that the scaling and root planning
(SRP)+ALAD-PDT was not painful, and all perceived a benefit after the treatment at all timing
points. For periodontal patients, a significant decrease in PPD after 3 (p < 0.001) and 6 months after
SRP+ALAD-PDT respect baseline values were observed. For the implant patients, the SRP+ALADPDT
was correlated to a decrease in PPD and BOP, and a slight increase in the number of exposed
threads. However, the results were statistically significant only for PPD (p < 0.001).
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